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Deinandra
fasciculata (D.C.) Greene
=Hemizonia fasciculata (D.C.) Torrey & A. Gray
=H.
ramosissima
Asteraceae
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Plant
Characteristics:
Annual, stem 1-10 dm. high, mostly branching from above the middle, the
branches rigid, sharply ascending and with comparatively few twigs; herbage
moderately hirsute to glabrate, the glands (most frequent on invols.) sessile,
yellow; lower leaves mostly gone by anthesis, linear-oblanceolate, remotely
dentate, 3-15 cm. long, 0.3-3 cm. wide; upper lvs. becoming entire, bractlike;
heads subsessile in glomerules of 3 to many, the glomerules terminating short
leafy branches and sometimes a few solitary heads below; ray fls. 5; disk fls.
6; pappus of 6-8 lanceolate to oblong, entire to lobed paleae.
Habitat:
Dry coastal plains, below 1000 ft.; Coastal Sage Scrub, S. Oak Wd., V.
Grassland; San Louis Obispo Co. to Riverside Co. and n. L. Calif.
May-Sept.
Name:
Hemizonia means
"half-girdle" and is applied to the genus because the bracts half
encircle the ray seeds. (Dale 67).
Latin, fasciculus, a bundle.
(Jaeger 101). The species
name refers to the fascicled leaves. Latin,
ramosus, full of branches. (Simpson 500).
General:
Common in the study area. Photographed
on the Santa Ana Heights bluffs, the 23rd Street bluffs, the north end of
Eastbluff, and along the road from the Newporter Inn to San Joaquin Hills Dr.
(my comments). Munz and Abrams list H.
ramosissima as a separate species, corymbosely branched with fl. heads
pedunculate, many, +/- remote and solitary, sometimes in 2's at the ends of the
branches. In about 1988, Fred
Roberts at the UCI Museum of Systematic Biology said that the latest information
is that H. fasciculata and H. ramosissima are
now considered the same plant. This was
confirmed in the 1993 Jepson Manual, however, note
the differences in the photographs of two plants, one with the characteristics
attributed by Munz and Abrams to H.
fasciculata, i.e., with heads
subsessile in glomerules and one with the characteristics of H.
ramosissima, i.e., with heads more or less remote, sometimes in
two's at ends of branches. (my
comments).
One of the numerous plants on the Pacific Coast known as tarweeds from
their disagreeable sticky exudations on stem and leaf.
The viscid tar may stain your clothing and skin. Alcohol can remove it.
(Dale 67). The seeds were used by
the Indians for food. (Heizer and
Elsasser 246). The
Cahuilla, inhabitants of the San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains and the
Colorado Desert, used H. fasciculata
as a famine plant. A quantity of
the plants were boiled down until the liquid was of a thick tarry consistency,
it then was ready for the stomach of the Indians.
(Bean and Saubel 77).
The Yuki Indians of northern California used tarweed, (Hemizonia sp.) as
fish poison. (Campbell 434). Delfina Cuero, a Kumeyaay or Southern Diegueno Indian, made the following
comments about Hemizonia fasciculata
in her autobiography: "We
boiled whole plant for steam when someone has a headache.
Formerly we used it in sweathouses; now put it in a pan and put a towel
over your head". (Shipek 91).
Thirty-one species, all in Calif. (Munz,
Flora So. Calif. 184).
Dr. Bruce Baldwin of the University of California, Berkeley has made
taxonomic revisions in the genus
Text
Ref: Abrams, Vol. IV 176; Hickman, Ed. 282; Munz, Calif. Flora 1120; Munz, Flora
So. Calif. 186; Roberts 12.
Photo
Ref: May 4 83 # 20; July 3 83 # 5; June 1 84 # 23; April-May 86 #
10.
Identity:
by F. Roberts.
First Found: May 1983.
Computer
Ref:: Plant Data 182.
Have
plant specimen.
Last edit 7/30/05.
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